Danielle+Tucker

By: Danielle Tucker  ﻿  ﻿The human body is made up of many organs and organ systems. There are 10 major systems in the body. In an adult body there are 100 trillion cells, 206 bones, 600 muscles and 22 internal organs. 1 billion cells in the body must be replaced every hour. 60,000 miles long is the circulatory system, which includes veins, arteries and capillaries. For a red blood cell to circle the entire human body it takes around 20 seconds. When a human heart pumps blood it has enough pressure to squirt blood out 30 feet.  There are many ways to keep the body healthy. One way is to exercise regularly. Exercising helps your body stay a healthy weight, it makes you feel good, and its good for your heart. Another way to be healthy is limit your alcohol consumption. A drink every now and then is okay but drinking all the time is bad for your liver. One last way to keep healthy is to not smoke or quit smoking. Smoking can cause cancer, asthma, and could slow the blood flow down. The digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, rectum, anus and the small and large intestines. Digestion is when foods are broken into smaller particles so the body gets energy and nourished. The liver and pancreas give digestive juices that help break down foods. Chewing food in your mouth is the beginning of digestion. Digestion ends in the small intestine. Movement in the walls of the digestive tract helps move food and liquids throughout the system. The food travels as follows: Chewing in the mouth, when you swallow food goes to the esophagus, the food then goes to the stomach here it is stored then mixed up and then slowly emptied into the small intestine, the nutrients are absorbed threw the intestinal walls and spread throughout the body, the food that wasn't able to be digested are pushed into the colon and then released out of the body caused by a bowel movement.  There are many disorders that can be involved in the digestive system. One is colon and rectal cancer. Colon and rectal cancer is when a malignant cell found in the colon or rectum. It is also known as colorectal cancer because they have so much in common they are called the same thing. This type of cancer is the second most leading cause of death in the USA. Another type os disorder is stomach and duodenal ulcers. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer. An ulcer in the duodenum is called a duodenal ulcer. An ulcer is an open sore or lesion. Ulcers in these parts are caused by hydrochloric acid and pepsin. The respiratory system includes the nose, nasal cavity, paranasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. This system helps our bodies get the oxygen it needs to live. The pathway of air in our bodies is as follows: air enters through the nostrils behind the nostrils the air goes to the nasal cavity where the air is either cooled or warmed, moistened and has the dust removed from it, it is then passed through the pharynx into the larynx, in the larynx air vibrates the vocal cords which then produces sound, then it goes through the trachea which is then divided into two bronchi, the bronchi goes into the lungs spreading into bronchial tubes they then divide and as they divide there walls get thinner with this action the formation of bronchioles appear, these bronchioles have small air chambers, these chambers have have cavities known as alveoli which forms the respiratory surface, in these walls gases of blood and air exchange and then in the lungs oxygen is taken from the atmosphere to the blood and carbon dioxide is taken from the blood to the atmosphere. There are many disorders of the lungs, which is the main organ in the respiratory system. One such disease is lung cancer. In men in the US, it is the most common cause of cancer deaths. Among all the forms of lung cancer, cancer involving the bronchi and bronchioles is the most common. Another disease is asthma. With asthma, construction of the bronchi and bronchioles makes it much harder to breathe in and out. Asthma attacks can be triggered by allergies, cigarette smoke, fumes, running, yelling, fire smoke, dust and walking up and down stairs. The organs of the circulatory system are the heart and lungs. The heart has to parts but both pump blood. The left side of the heart pumps blood into the entire body and is bigger than the right. The right side pumps blood into the lungs. The heart is made up of four chambers, valves, blood vessels, aorta, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and veins. The four chambers are the left and right atrium, which are located in the upper area and the left and right ventricles, located in the lower area of the heart. The valves are the pulmonary valve, aortic valve, bicuspid valve and the tricuspid valve. Valves stop blood from going backward. The two different blood vessels are veins and arteries. The blood vessels carry blood throughout the body. There are two kinds of blood flow-deoxygenated and oxygenated. Deoxygenated blood goes as follows: Body>veins>right atrium>right ventricle>pulmonary artery>lungs. Oxygenated blood goes as follows: Lungs>pulmonary veins>left atrium>left ventricle>aorta>body. One disease is hypertension which is high blood pressure. The opposite of hypertension would be hypotension which is low blood pressure. The nervous system consists of two main organs, the brain and spinal cord. The brain controls everything we do as humans, without it we couldn't do anything at all. The spinal cord sends all messages straight to the brain. Cerebral Palsy is a disorder with the brain. Its damage to the brain before, during or right after birth. Some causes of Cerebral Palsy are birth injury, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, jaundice and infection. This disorder effects, sensation, balance, intelligence, posture, speech, behavior, hearing, sight and limbs. Works Cited Pictures [] [] [] [] [] [] [] Information [] [] [] [] [] [] [] []