Quran+Chapell

__General Human body information__
For many people, its hard to imagine the human body as a machine. But in a way, that's kind of like what it is. The body has all these different systems working together to keep it functioning. Atoms make up molecules, molecules make up cellular organelles, organelles bond to make up cells, cells come together and make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up the organ systems. Organ systems by definition are, "//a group of organs that work together to perform a certain task//." A few of these organ systems I will be touching on will be the digestive system, the respiratory system, the circulatory system, the nervous system, the muscular system, the skeletal system, and the reproductive system. It may seem like some of these organs are more important than others, but the truth is, the dysfunction of one of the "less important" organ systems can have an indirect affect on the "more important" systems. That is why it is important to do everything in your power to keep your body healthy. In our day in age, a few of our biggest health problems involve overeating. Things like cardiovascular disease, respiratory problems, Type 2 diabetes, and many other health problems can be best prevented by the correct diet and exercising.

__The Respiratory System__
The respiratory system, in simplest terms is the breathing system. I say that because it's main function is to supply the blood with oxygen. The oxygen comes in through the mouth and nasal cavity, down the trachea, through the bronchi, to the alvioli ducts. The oxygen then diffuses across the alvioli into the lungs, at the same time, carbon dioxide diffuses from the lungs and takes the reverse path of the oxygen. From this point, the respiratory system interacts with the circulatory system. Common diseases include asthma, bacterial pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism.

__The Circulatory System__
The circulatory system's main function is materials all over the body. This system works with the respiratory system by taking oxygenated blood from the lungs through the heart and to every part of the body. The circulatory system consists of vessels, valves, and chambers.Vessels are passageways for the blood. There are two types of vessels, veins and arteries. Arteries are more muscular and carry oxygenated away from the heart to all parts of the body. Valves control the the flow of the blood through the heart. There are valves in veins to prevent the back-flow of blood because veins aren't as muscular as arteries. Pulmonary veins and arteries are reversed when it comes to oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood because the deliver blood to and from the heart. Chambers are hollow cavities that can be filled with blood. Examples of these are the right and left atrium, and the right and left ventricle.

__The Nervous System__
The nervous system's main function is to respond to changes in the external environment. It also monitors and coordinates internal organ function. The nervous system is what makes you quickly pull your hand out of fire, or flinch when you see someone get stabbed in a scary movie. The nervous system is split into two different systems, central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. What happens is; the nerves in your hand or any other part of the body get set off. The neuron then sends a(n) electrical signal which quickly travels to the spinal chord and up to the brain. The brain then figures out what to do with the signal, this step is called transmission. The brain then sends a(n) chemical signal down the spinal chord and to the hand, or any other part of the body, and makes you pull your hand out of the fire. The nervous system is like the endocrine system. They both have to do with communication from the brain to the body and from the body to the brain. Because the spinal chord acts as the mail man of the nerves, severing it can result in the loss of communication between the brain and the part of the body the chord went to.

__The Skeletal System__
The skeletal system is responsible for supporting as well as protecting the body. Without the skeletal system, we would not be able to stand, and we would not be able to withstand much pressure without our organs being crushed. There are four types of bones; long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Adults have 206 bones that provide the structure for muscles to attach. The system also consists of tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. Teeth are also considered a part of the skeletal system even though they are not considered bones. The skeletal system works with the muscular system to perform movements. Types of skeletal diseases/disorders include leukemia, Bursitis, Osteoporosis, Sprains, and fractures.

__The Muscular System__
The muscular system is responsible for locomotion or movement. The muscles work to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. There are 3 types of muscles; cardiac, smooth, and skeletal. Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles that are only found with the heart. Smooth muscles are also involuntary, these muscles make up all the internal organs except the heart. Skeletal muscles are the only voluntary muscles and they are the ones responsible for external movement. These are the muscles I spoke of in the previous article titled "The Skeletal System."

__The Digestive System__
The digestive system's main function is to turn food into the energy you need to survive and packaging the residue for waste. The digestive system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, colon, rectum, and anus. This system starts by breaking up food into smaller pieces and breaking it down in the mouth using teeth and saliva. From there the food travels down the esophagus, the long tube like structure that delivers food to your stomach, almost like how the trachea brings oxygen to your lungs. In the stomach the food is broken down into a usable form. The food then travels to the small intestine where it is completely broken down. This is where the pancreas and liver are useful. The two organs secrete digestive enzymes into the small intestine in order to completely breakdown the food. The gallbladder absorbs and digests fats using bile. From there the food travels to the colon, or the large intestine. The colon is responsible for processing waste so that emptying the bowels is easy and convenient. The rectum is a chamber that connects the colon to the anus. The anus is where the waste comes out.

__The Reproductive System__
The reproductive system is used for, well exactly what it sounds like, reproducing. This is the system responsible for you and I being on this earth at this very second. This article has to be broken into two so you can get the full understanding of both the male and female reproductive system.

Male Reproductive System
The male reproductive system consists of the penis, scrotum, testicles, epididymis, vas-deference, seminal vesicles, and the urethra.

Female Reproductive System
Works Sited: http://www.cchs.net/health/health-info/docs/2300/2376.asp

http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/yrdd/